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Table of Contents
Great Circle Hypotheis
Magnetoclinic Hypothesis
Magnetic-Latitude Hypothesis
Compass Bearings Hypothesis
Suns' Azimuth Hypothesis
Expansion-Contraction Hypothesis
Always Advance Hypothesis
Never Go Back Hypothesis
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Analyses of Pooled Field Data:
Descriptive Statistics |
Descriptive statistics for pooled directional data for 1978,
1979, and 1981 Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) migrations in Southern
Ontario.
¦ Up
¦ Tables: ¦ I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII,
VIII a, VIII b, IX, X, XI, XII ¦
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 Table VII*
Proportion of migrating of Danaus plexippus soaring in circles for eight
wind conditions
Data were grouped according the category of flight behaviour and wind direction at
the time of the observation.
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Number and percentage of
migrating D. plexippus in each flight category for each wind condition
|
Wind |
N |
Soaring
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Soaring in Circles
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|
|
Num. |
% |
Num. |
% |
|
North |
53 |
38 |
71.7 |
28 |
52.8 |
Northeast |
64 |
47 |
73.4 |
41 |
64.1 |
East |
150 |
104 |
69.3 |
46 |
30.7 |
Southeast |
131 |
64 |
48.9 |
30 |
22.9 |
South |
15 |
3 |
20.0 |
3 |
20.0 |
Southwest |
35 |
13 |
37.1 |
3 |
8.6 |
West |
20 |
12 |
60.0 |
8 |
40.0 |
Northwest |
107
|
68 |
63.6 |
44 |
41.1 |
Population |
575 |
349 |
60.7 |
203 |
35.3 |
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* Adapted from Gibo, D. L. 1990
Definitions of abbreviations and symbols: N = number in sample,
Num. = in flight behaviour category.
Comments
- Maximum proportions of circling and soaring migrants were observed with North
and Northeast winds. A Northeast wind is a direct tailwind to a Southwest
course. A North wind is a combination tailwind and right crosswind to a Southwest
course.
- Minimum proportions of circling migrants were observed with Southwest
winds. A Southwest wind is a direct headwind for a Southwest course.
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